The following is a sample outline of the essay “Water Crisis and National Unity”.
Outline
Introduction
- The emergence of Pakistan as an integrated country
- The concept of national unity
- Water is a natural and indispensable gift for survival
Current situation of Water availability in Pakistan: 147 MAF
Impacts of Water Crisis on National Unity
- Inter-provincial disharmony
- The emergence of regional political parties
- Conflicts over the construction of new water reservoirs
- Ever decreasing agriculture output leads to economic disparity among provinces and regions
- Time and again floods and drought force migration that brings ethnic issues
- A severe shortage of agriculture and potable water in some areas weakens nationalism
- Encroachment of coastal areas leads to migration which brings many socio-economic issues
- Unemployment promotes anti-state elements
- Industrial backwardness in water-stressed areas enhances national disintegration
- Rising provincial prejudices among the public
- Increasing electricity shortages
- Rising poverty and malnutrition
Causes of Water Crisis in Pakistan
- Population explosion
- Inefficient use of water
- Changing weather pattern
- Indian invasions of Pakistan water resources
- Poor management of existing resources
- Sedimentation of existing reservoirs
- The limited capacity of storage
- The poor lining of water channels
Measures to Solve Water Crisis in Pakistan
- Implementation of Water Policy 2018 in letter and spirit
- Efficient use of water
- Comprehensive management of water
- Renovation of existing infrastructure
- Implementation of Indus-water basin treaty in letter and spirit
- Rising the level of dams
- Augmentation of existing resources
- IRSA should be made an effective institution. (Indus River System Authority)
- Construction of macro and mini dams
- Implementation of modern irrigation techniques: drip and sprinkle
Conclusion
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Water Crisis and National Unity in Pakistan