NADWA TUL ULEMA OF LUCKNOW
INTRODUCTION:
The Aligarh and deoband movements stood apart and worked with goring contrasts in their objectives and strategy. Aligarh was not a religious movement and emphasized on the need of western education. Due to its stress on western education the Aligarh completely ignored the religious aspect. As a result the graduated of the Aligarh seriously lacked in religious education could not active religious learning.
Tehrik-i-deoband rendered educational services to the cause of the muslims but it was a purely religious movement laid greater stress in religious education. The deoband seminary was totally incompatible with the modern trends of education. The students of deoband were completely oblivious of the western and modern knowledge and were unable to guide
the people in the modern education.
In these circumstances there was enough room for an institution which could combine the broad feature of both western and religious trend of education so that the extremist view of deoband and Aligarh could be minimized.
FOUNDATION OF NADWA:
Nadawa-tu-ullama was established in 1894 to bring the ulema together in order to remove the sectarian differences. The main objective of this institution was to guide and prepare the muslims well in religious and modern knowledge. Maulve abdul gahfoor, deputy collector is said to be its earliest founder: maulana shibli naumani sometime a close associate
of sir syed ahmed khan wa closely associated with the nadva.
OBJECTIVES OF INDIA:
The main work of the organization was the establishment of a dar-ul-uloom at lucknow, the nadva-tul-ulema stood for general reformation of muslim society with a view of promoting religious knowledge moral uplift and social regeneration of the muslims of india ……… apart from these objectives the nadva work to remove sectarian differences kept aloof
from the political activity and stressed upon separating the political issue form its main objectives. The establishment of nadva-tul-ulema was widely hailed in the sub-continent. A large number of philanthropists contributed generously for the nadva.
NADVA AND MAULANA SHIBI:
Maulana shibi was born in 1857 in Azamgarh. He attained highest Islamic education. He joined Aligarh college as assistance professor of Arabic. Shibli was a teen person and took his job sincerely. Sir Syed Ahmed khan o observing the rich talent in the young shibli greatly encouraged him. Maulana utilized the opportunity with enthusiasm and soon became a valuable asset to the Aligarh college.
However, the cordial relationship could not last very long and some differences of serious kind, mainly due to the maulana shibli’s nature, developed between maulanan shibli and sir syed. He disliked the educational pattern of Aligarh and was the view that the ideal system of education would, be a mingling of the old and the new, a modified
form of the old system and not the new which was being practical at Aligarh. He openly negated the religious view of sir syed and resigned from the Aligarh college in 1904.
The establishment of nadva-tul-ulema was boom from heavens for the ambitions shibli. He, therefore, activity took part in the meetings of nadva-tul-ulema and finally joined it. Maulana shibli’s association with nadva greatly enhanced the prestige of the institution.
He worked very hard to make nadva as useful institution for the people. He was made the in charge of the madrassah which was maintained by nadva. He introduced a number of changes in the curriculum on the basis of his experience he had received at Aligarh. He also introduced English language as a compulsory subject. He established an academy of authors (darul musannifin) at azamgarh which produced several writers and authors to provided intellectual leadership. He laboriously tried to gather support from all quarters and maintained friendly relation with waqar-ul-mulk and
mohsin-ul-mulkk. Maulana shibli suffered because of some personal lapses of character and he provided an opportunity of criticism. Hi colleagues at nadva soon got fed up of his views.
Maulana abdul karim wrote an article on jihad in 1913. He criticized the views of maulana shibli. Malana took discoptoanry action against maulvi him and shibli had to resign. The resignation of maulana shinli adversely affected the working of nadva which cold never gain that glory which maulanan shibli had brought to it.
CONCLUSION:
The nadva tul ullema produced men with high academic and intellectual
foresight, although nadva could not accomplish its desired aims yet its services for the promotion of islamic education are immense, a number of student of nadva led the people in the freedom struggle.
ANJUMAN HIMAYAT-I-ISLAM: (1884)
INTRODUTION:
The Aligarh created awareness among the mulims which set an incentive for the people of other areas as well. Punjab was under sikh domination those days where the economic social and educational condition of muslims were deplorable. Some leading and sincere muslims leaders decided to set up anjuman-i-himayat-i-islam at Lahore. It was set up in 1884 in a mocha gate mosque, where nearly 250 mulsims decided to set up anjuman for
foundation of the anjuman and became its first president, dr. Muhammad nazir and munshi abdur rahim sere also the prominent worker of the anjuman. The anjuman faced financial problems in the beginning. The worker of the anjuman went you’re door to door to collect finds for the anjuman. Ascheme known as muthi bhai ata was started to collect funds for
anjuman. However with the passage of time people began to donate generously.
EDUCATIONAL SERVICES:
Anjuma began its educational program by establishing a primary school for
girls. Its educational programmer was simultaneously in the male and female sectors.
i. Islamia college for women, cooper road was established in 1938.
ii. Islamia college railway road was established in 1913.
iii. Islamia college civil lines.
iv. Islamia college Lahore cantt.
v. Himayat-i-islam law college.
Apart from educational institution anjuman set up orphan houses, darul aman, tibia college and centers for adult education. Anjuman held its meetings every year presided. Over by important personalities like sir syed, allama iqbal, mohsinul mulk, altaf hussain hali and justice shah din.
POLITICAL SERVICES:
Anjuman performed commendable services in organizing the people under the banner of muslim league. It worked in dedicated way during the Pakistan movement. The annual meeting of anjuman passed resolution in favor of Pakistan. The students of islamia college railway road took the message of freedom to every corner of the country. They took active part in making the historic session of muslisms league a complete succession 1940. The quaid-e-azam was escorted to the meeting place by the students
of islamia college railway road. Muslims students federation was founded in islamia college railway road under the leadership if hameed nizami. MSF extended maximum assistance to quaid-e-azam in Pakistan movement. The anjuma organized political meeting to promote the two nation theory.
CONCLUSION:
The role played by anjaman-e-hamal-t-e-islam for the creation of Pakistan was creditable.
SINDH MADRASSAH-KARACHI
Sir syed the muslims to set up educational institution in their areas on the pattern of Aligarh so that the muslims need for education could be sufficiently fulfilled.
The british government had put to an end to the separate status of province of sindh and attached it with Bombay presidency. The british government in order to please the hindu majority did not pay any attention to the educational requirements of the muslims of the sindh.
Syed Hassan ali afani, adevoted muslim citizen of Karachi was the founder and president of central mohmmedan association of Karachi, which was established by syed ameer ali. Syed Hassan ali was a advisor of sir syed ahmed khan and thus collected funds for the establishment of the madrassah. He laid down the foundation of the madrassah in 1885. The
madrah was known as sindh madrasatul-islam after some time a large building was constructed for madrassah.
Hassan ali died and his son wali Muhammad was administrator who succeeded in acquiring government allocated annual grant to the madrassah but put certain condition as well which created had feeling among the administration, Wali Muhammad was succeeded by his son hasan ali ablureman in 1938 and managed to pull out madrassa from government control. The administrator board of madrasah decided
to make it sindh muslim college in 1943. Quaid-e-azam received his early education to from madrassah and through his will a sizeale portion of his property was surrendered to sindh musilm college.
Sindh madrassah tul islam took an active part in the freedom movement and became a center of two nation concept.
ISLAMIA COLLEGE PESHWAR:
The Christian missionaries began their educational activities in the NWFP. A mission was opened in 1888, which came to Edward college Peshawar in 1888, it was known as municipal high school. This chool was made government college peshwar and allama inayatullah mahraqi became its first principle. There were no proper arrangement of religious education in NWFP. The muslim leaders of NWFP felt the need of establishing an educational institution which could impact religious and modern knowledge to the muslims. Sahibzada abdul qayyum was one of those
leaders who took initiative. With his sincere efforts anjuman himayat-i-islam was set up in the NWFP which opened a school in 1902 known as islamia college Peshawar.
Quaid-e-azam was very closely associated to islamia college Peshawar and loved the students. Quaid-e-azam visted the college several times and addressed the students there. The students’ and teachers of islamia college Peshawar rendered great services to the freedom movement.
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