GENERAL SCIENCE XVI

GEOGRAPHY OF EARTH

Longitude is measured from East to West
Latitude is measured from North to South of Equator.
New Zealand is close to Int: Date Line.
Arabia is the larges peninsula.
Antarctica is in South Pole.
The largest latitude circle on earth is the Equator.
Equinox (equal nights) means the equal duration of day & night.
Lines drawn parallel to equator is latitude
1 hour difference in local time between two places is 15 deg: Longitude
23 degree longitude is Tropic of Cancer
70% of earth’s surface is covered with water
Isobar is the lines joining places of equal air pressure on a map
Isohyets are lines joining places of equal rainfall over a period
Isotherm are Lines of equal temperature
Contours are places with equal altitude
There are 36 tectonic plates
Crust of earth is 0.5%
Upper part of earth on which earth floats is Asthensosphere
Earth’s speed is greatest when it is closest to the sun
Spring tide occurs when earth, moon and sun are in straight line
Isthmus is a narrow land strip separating two seas and connecting two land marks
Day and night are equal on 21st March (at all parallel of latitude) and 23rd September
Core of earth is metallic
Temperature at earth’s core is 2000 deg: C
Tide at its maximum height is spring tide
International dateline lies along 180 deg: meridian
Speed of earth rotation is highest at the north pole
Minimum land area recommended for forest is 25%
Earth’s total surface covered by forests is 15%
Ordovician are the oldest rock
Earthquake is a post volcanic activity
Of total water on earth, fresh water reserves are 2.7%
Highest grade of coal is Anthracite
Coal mainly suitable for thermal power production is Bituminous
First stage of coal formation is Peat.
Equator is called the great circle
Mean radius of earth is 6400 km
Total world surface area is 510 million sq: km
Soil formed by deposition of silt is Alluvial soil
Winds blow from areas of high pressure to low pressure.
Movement of tectonic plates may cause eruption of a volcano
What creates new islands in the ocean? Volcanoes
Soil best suited for deep rooted crops is Black soil
Latitude of south pole is 90 deg:, latitude of equator is 0 deg:
Humidity in air is maximum in Monsoon
Earth revolves in its orbit 1 deg: per day
1 deg: longitude on equator is equal to 112 km
Doldrums is a belt of low atmospheric pressure on either side of Equator.
Removal of rock layer by layer due to weathering is called Exfoliation
Rocks formed by the solidification of lava are Basalts
Tundra region gets no rainfall throughout the year
At equator an object weights the least.
At 7050 km per hour, Sun rotate on its axis.
The northern polar lights are called Aurorae Borealis, and southern polar lights are called Aurorae Australis.
The pulsating universe theory explains the evolution of universe.
230 million years ago there was only one huge continent on earth. This super continent is known as Panagea, which means all lands
In 1912 Alfred Wegener said that continents drift around on earth’s surface
Continental drift means plate tectonics
Rain forests grow near the equator.
In autumn deciduous forests glow with brilliant red and gold colors as the leaves dry up and fall off the trees.
The shape of the earth is an oblate spheroid.
Arctic is the worlds northmost region.
The largest latitude circle on earth is Equator.
230 million years ago, there was only one huge continent on Earth. This super continent is known as panagea, which means all lands.
In 1912, a German Scientist called Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) suggested that the continent drift around on Earth’s surface.
The latitude of a point on the Earth’s surface is the angular distance of that point measured at the centre of the Earth
Mass of earth is 6 X 10²¹ tons
Density of earth is 5.52.
Chemically earth id made up of Oxygen 46.6%, Silicon 27.7%, Aluminum 8.1%, iron 5%, Calcium 3.6%
Earth is divided into four zones.
Torrid zone lies b/w Tropics of Cancer & Capricorn.
Torrid zone lies between the Tropics and is bisected by the Equator
The North Temperate Zone lies b/w Tropic of Cancer & the Arctic Circle.
The South Temperate Zone lies b/w Capricorn & Antarctic Circle.
The area around north and south poles within the polar circles is called ‘the frigid zone’.
Hot belt lies b/w latitude 0° & 3°
Tundra region is a region of high altitude and is without trees.
Steppes are the vast, treeless waste of Russia and part of Asia.
Moorland is rocky surface.
Coniferous forests extend up to 13,000 km across North America, Europe & Asia.
Tropical or Savannah region lies b/w desert & forest. More than 1/3rd of Africa is Savannah.
Pakistan lies in Monsoon land area.
The three abundant elements in the earth’s crust are aluminium, oxygen and silicon. The correct order of their abundance is silicon, oxygen and aluminum (8.1%)
Inner core is made mostly of iron.
Meridian is an imaginary circle in sky passing though celestial poles.
Africa is the 2nd largest continent of the world.
A wind, which reverses seasonally, is known as Monsoon wind.
Temperature increases with increasing altitude by 10° C for every 250-meter rise.
Water vapour turns into clouds in the atmosphere when Dew Point is reached.
When a warm air is lifted off the surface in temperature depression it is called an Occlusion.
Afternoon rains in the equatorial region are the result of convectional forces.
Mediterranean regions are not useful for forestry.
The best projection to suit the map of Pakistan is conventional.
The extinct Volcano Peak of Koh-i-Sultan is in Pakistan.
Cotopaxi: is the highest volcano in the world. It is situated in Ecuador.
Dust Devil: is a dusty whirlwind normally a few feet in diameter and about 100 feet tall, sometimes also wider and higher.
Earth mass: The mass of the earth is about 81 times that of the moon.
Earth’s core: is mainly composed of iron and nickel. Lithosphere is the innermost layer of the earth.
El Nino: is the weather phenomenon brewing in the tropical Pacific Ocean. It is the largest climate event of the 20th century setting off more global disasters than ever before. El Nino is warming of the waters off Equatorial South America, which causes climate abnormalities around the world. The impact can be flooding drought in California, Brazil, Africa and Australia, severe storms in the Central Pacific and a decline in hurricanes hitting the southeastern United States.
Exfoliation: This type of weathering is common both in the cold as well as in the hot climate regions.
Great Circle: A circle on the earth’s surface whose plane passes through its centre, and bisects it into two hemispheres. Two opposing meridians together form a Great Circle. The shortest distance between any two points on the earth’s surface is the arc of the Great Circle, which passes through them. 0° latitude forms a Great Circle. (The latitude or longitude 75°W should be combined with 75°E to obtain the Great Circle).
Horse Latitudes: Sub-tropical belts of high atmospheric pressure over the oceans situated in both hemispheres. These are called Belts of Calm between regions of the Trade Winds and Westerlies of higher latitudes.
Hydroponics: means cultivation of the plants without use of soil.
Hyetology: is the study of rainfall.
Kandla: is a seaport situated at the head of the Gulf of Kuch in Gujarat State.
Lapse Rate: is the rate of change in temperature with increase of altitude.
Laterite soils: Laterite soils are formed by the weathering of laterite rocks. These can be distinguished from other soils by their acidity.
Loams (loamy soil): Amixture of sand, clay and silt is known as loamy soil. Loams are formed where the soils have equal proportion of sand, silt and clay.
Local winds and their areas: Khamsin—Egypt; Zonda—Argentina; Santa Ana—California; Simoon—Iran.
Mansarover Lake: is in Tibet. Near it, the rivers having their source are the Brahamputra, the Sutlej and the Indus.
Maoris (Tribes): are the original inhabitants of New Zealand.
Nutrification: is the process of conversion by action of bacteria, of nitrates in the soil.
Pangong Tso: is one of the world’s highest and brackish lakes in Jammu & Kashmir.
Proxima Centauri: is a star nearest to the earth.
Roaring Forties: are westerly winds.
Selvas: The rain forest of Amazon basin is called Selvas. These are rainy tropical forests.
Spring Tides: are caused when the sun and the moon are in a straight line. The tide on its maximum height is known as Spring Tide.
Tsunamis: are huge sea waves caused by earthquakes.
Willy Willy: is a tropical cyclone of the northwest Australia.

FACTS ABOUT EARTH

Largest element found in earth crust is Silicon, second is Aluminum
Polar diameter of earth is 7900 miles
Equatorial diameter is 7927 miles = 12,756 km
Earth’s polar diameter is shorter than the equatorial diameter by 43 km
Distance of equator from either of poles is 10,002 km
World is divided into 24 time zones
Age of earth is 5 billion years
Speed of earth in orbit around sun is 8.5 miles/sec = 1600 km/min = 29 km/sec
Weight of earth is 6586 x 10 raise to 18 tons
Earth has 46.6% oxygen and 27.7% silicon
On 21st June, sun is vertically overhead the Tropic of Cancer
The South Temperate zone lies between Capricorn and Antarctic circle
At equator the duration of the day is 12 hours
510 million square kilometers is the total surface area of the earth
Sun is 400 times larger than the Moon.
About 6 billion people living on the Earth.
When are you most likely to see a penumbra: During an Eclipse
At equator an object weights the least.
A wind, which reverses seasonally, is Monsoon.
Water is the most powerful source of erosion
Tropic of cancer crosses Pakistan.
Spring tides occur at new moon or at full moon.
Neap tides occur at first and third quarters of the moon.
Oceans are on average 4 km deep.
Frozen water covers about 10% of the earth
Solar eclipse occurs on new moon.
Lunar eclipse occurs on full moon.
The standard time of England is known as Greenwich Mean Time. T is local time of Greenwich Observatory which on 0° longitude.
Daylight saving time begun during WWI.
There are three belts of calm viz: Doldrums, Tropic of Cancer & Tropic of Capricorn.
Horn of Africa is Ethiopia, Djibouti and Somalia.
Kimberley is associated with Diamonds.
In Titusfills in Pennsylvania (US) is world’s first oil well drilled.
Thickness of earth crustes 20 miles.
Max height of cloud 20,000.

ATMOSPHERE OF EARTH

Nitrogen gas found in atmosphere is 78%, oxygen is 21%
Speed of electromagnet ways is 300000 km/sec
The layer of earth in which we live is Troposphere
The atmospheric layer closet to earth is Troposphere.
Weather phenomenon take place in Troposphere
Atmospheric layer ideal for flying is Troposphere
Ionosphere reflects radio-waves back to earth
Nimbostratus clouds bring a long steady rain
Clouds found at highest altitude are Noctilucent
Thickness of atmosphere around earth is 145 km
Atmosphere maintains earth’s temperature
% of insulation received by earth’s surface is 51%
Atmospheric layers are divided into 4 parts
Sun’s heat and energy reaches earth by Radiation
Air is composed of 78% Nitrogen.
21% Oxygen.
1% other gases.
Troposphere is 10 km, Stratosphere is from 10 to 40 km, Mesosphere (Neutraspace) is from 40 to 80 km, Thermosphere (Ionosphere) is from 80 to 370 km and Exosphere (Heaviside) is beyond 370 km.
Megnetosphere that lies beyond the Exosphere is not the part of atmosphere.
3/4th of the air that envelops the earth is in troposphere.
97% of the air is below the upper boundary of the stratosphere, which is the maximum height that aircraft may reach with the support of air.
Smog is when water vapour condenses around a particle of smoke
Atmospheric temperature increases at higher altitudes due to convection
Formaula of Ozone is O3
CFCs are Chloro Fluoro Carbons
Earth’s atmosphere is over 1000 km deep
Biosphere is the sphere of life which covers all the three spheres i.e litho, hydro, atmosphere
Ozone layer is found in Stratosphere.
Climate is the average weather of a particular place over many years. Weather change day to day, whereas climate remains same for years.
Every seson, trees add a new ring of growth to their trunks
Clouds are made of water droplets, ice, crystals, particles of dust and air
Warm air can hold more water vapour than cold air
The age of Earth is calculated as 4500 million years.
Ozone is measured in percentage (chk)
The amount of ozone in the atmosphere is expressed in ppm/ The amount of ozone in the atmosphere is expressed in dobson units (Check it)
Air is composed of nitrogen (78.08%), oxygen (20.95%), argon (0.94%) and carbon dioxide (0.03%).
Nitrogen gas dominates the earth’s surface.
Weathering takes place more quickly in warm, wet area than in cold and dry regions.
An atmosphere is a blanket of gas that surrounds a plane. Earth’s atmosphere is over 1000 kilometers deep, but most of it is in the 30 kilometers closest to Earth.
Weight of the air pushing on us is known as atmospheric pressure.
Atmospheric pressure is equal to 14.73 lbs per sq. inch.
Atmospheric pressure decreases with height.
In nature the nitrogen of the atmosphere is made available for the plant growth through the activity of bacteria called nitrogen fixation of bacteria in roots of plants. Earthworms provide nitrogenous wastes.
Ozone is found in stratosphere b/w 20 to 50 km.
The tidal effect of Moon on the surface of Earth is less that that of Sun because Moon’s gravitational pull at Earth’s surface is less as compared to Sun’s gravitational pull. Tidal effect of sun is 146% of moon.
Injurious ultraviolet radiations are mostly prevented from reaching the earth as these are absorbed mostly by Ionosphere.

MOUNTAINS

Mount Olympus is in Greece.
The mountain range in Russia that is regarded as the boundary b/w Europe & Asia is Urals.
Margalla Hills of Islamabad are extension of Himaliya range.
Ural mountains separate Asia from Europe.
Ordovician are oldest rocks.
Oldest mountain system is Araveli.
Youngest mountain system is Himaliyas.
Andes Mountains are in South America.
Ring of Fire are volcanoes in Circum-Pacific Seismic belt.
Alps are Europe’s largest mountain system.
Atlas is North Africa’s mountain range. Atlas Mountains are in Morocco.
The Himalaya mountain range (Asia) is the greatest mountain range in the world.
Ayers Rock is the largest single rock in the world.
Mauna kea volcano is in Hawaii
What is the worlds longest mountain range-The Andes
Black forest is a mountain in Germany.
Rocky or Rockies Mountains is the largest mountain system of North America.
Koh-i-Sultan is in Pakistan.
Highest mountain system in the world is Himalayas.
Sefid Koh is mountain range in Afghanistan.
Blue Mountains are in Australia.
Mauna Kea volcano is in Hawaii.
What is the name of the second highest mountain in Africa-Mount Kenya
In what modern country is mount Ararat-Turkey
Most active volcano Italiana is situated in Hawaii.
Mount Everest is in Himalaya range with height 29,028 feet first ascent made on May 29, 1953.
K2 named Goodwin Austin or Chagori is in Karakoram Range with 28,250 ft height. First ascent made on July 31, 1954.
Nanga Parbat is in Himalaya range is known as Killer Mountain with height 26,660 ft. First ascent was made on July 3, 1953.
Broad Peak I is in Karakoram range with height 26,470.
Tirich Mir is in Hindu Kush Mountain.
Prince Charles is mountain range in Antarctica.
Zardak is the highest peak of Kirthar range.
Where are the glasshouse mountains- Queensland Australia

IMPORTANT MOUNTAIN PASSES

Namni Pass is in Myanmar.
Khunjerab Pass is highest pas in Pakistan.
Alpine Pass is in USA.
Lowari Pass is in Pakistan.
Khojak tunnel is in Balouchistan.
Bolan (Sulaiman range) pass is in Baluchistan.
Kolpur pass is in Baluchistan.
Shandur Pass is in Pakistan.
Donner pass is in California (USA)
Hispar & Biafo glacier is in Pakistan.
Siachen glacier is in Karakoram Range.
Baltoro gracier is in Karakoram Range.
Chogo Lugma is in Karakoram range.
Hispar glacier is in Hunza.
Malaspina glacier is in Alaska (US),
Tasman glacier is in New Zealand.
Alpine is the highest mountain pass in the world.
Siachen, batoro and chogo lugma glaciers are in Karakorum.
April 1984, India conducted an Operation known as ‘Operation Meghdoot’ to capture Siachen.
Siachen Glacier is the Worlds Biggest Glacier outside the two Poles. It is also the world’s Highest Glacier that is why it is refered to as “The Third Pole.” It is also the World’s Highest Battle Ground Ever
Africa is without glaciers.
Highest point of Asia is Mount Everest (Nepal-Tibet).
Mount Aconcagua, highest peak in the western hemisphere, located in the Andes Mountains of western Argentina, near the border with Chile.
Bodpo La pass is highest pass in Tibet (China) with height 19,412.
Vesuvius is a volcano in Italy.
Swat valley is in the mountain range of… hindukash
Saddle peak is highest peak in Anandaman & Nicobar Islands.
Karoko tao is a volcano in Indonesia.
Approximately the southwest monsoon begins in Pakistan in late July.

OCEANS

Largest ocean is pacific, then Atlantic, Indian and then Arctic.
Largest sea is South China Sea, then Caribbean Sea, then Mediterranean sea, Behring Sea Gulf of Mexico, Sea of Japan, Hudson Bay, East China Sea, Andaman Sea, then Black sea then Red sea and in the last Baltic sea.
Sea of Japan is famous for fishing area.
Total seas are 12.
Bermuda Triange is located in Atlantic Ocean.
Diego Garcia is in Indian Ocean.
The deepest place in the Indian Ocean is Sunda Trench.
Caspian Sea is located in Iraq-Azerbaijan, Turkmensitan, and Kazakhstan & Russia.
Caspian Sea is the largest salt-water lake in the world.
Caspian Sea water is shared by Iran, Russia & Azerbaijan.
Which sea is sometimes called the Euxine Sea- Black Sea
What sea is directly north of Poland-Baltic sea
Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean.
Cyprus is an island in the Mediterranean Sea.
The waters of Caspian Sea are shared by Russia, Iran & Azerbaijan.
What is the worlds largest sea (in area): South China
Aral Sea is in Central Asia (Kazakhstan). Aral is an inland sea.
What is the world’s warmest sea- The Red Sea
Aegean Sea is located in Atlantic Ocean.
Sargasso Sea is without a coastline.
Which of the following cause ocean currents? Permanent winds
Nether land’s land is below sea level.
Atlantic Ocean is called the “Herring Pond”.

FAMOUS SEA PORTS

Abadan is in Iran.
Alexandria is in Egypt.
Antwerp is in Belgium.
Aqaba is in Jordan.
Bandar Bushehr is in Iran.
Bristol is in UK.
Cardiff is in UK.
Plymouth is in UK
Le Harve is in France.
Marseilles is in France.
 New Orleans is in USA.
Penang is in Malaysia.
Chalna is in Bangladesh.
Dammam is in Saudi Arabia.
Glasgow is in UK.
Hambrug is in Germany.
Hochi Minh is in Vietnam.
Honolulu is in USA.
Latakia is in Syria.
Phildelphia is in USA.
Port Said is in Egypt.
Rio-de-Janeiro is in Brazil.
Rotterdam is in Netherlands.
Tartous is in Syria.
Valparaiso is in Chile.
Yokohama is in Japan.
Zadar is in Croatia.
Pondicherry is in India south of Chennai.
Port Hercourt is the 2nd largest port of Nigeria.
Darwin is the seaport of Australia.
“Haifa” is the seaport of which country? Israel.
Seattle seaport is in USA.
Santos is known as the “Coffee Port” of the world.
In which US state is its highest mountain- Alaska – Mount McKinley
Dickson is the seaport of Malaysia.
Tartus is the seaport of Syria.

FAMOUS STRAITS

Palk Strait separates India from Sri Lanaka.
Babul Mandab strait separates Arabia from Africa.
Babel-Mandab strait leads into the Red Sea.
Red sea is b/w Arabia and Africa.
Davis Strait separates Greenland from Baffin Island.
The Davis Strait lies between Canada and Greenland
Messina strait separates Italy from Sicily.
Johor strait separates Malaysia from Singapore.
Bass Strait separates Australia from Tasmania.
Florida Strait separates Cuba from Florida. It joins Atlantic Ocean with Gulf of Mexico.
Dover strait separates England from France.
Gibraltar Strait separates Spain and Africa and joins Mediterranean Sea with Atlantic Ocean.
Torres Strait separates Australia and Papua New Guinea
Bering Strait separates Asia from Africa and joins the Red Sea and Persian Gulf.
Bosporus Strait connects Black Sea with the Sea of Marmora.
Dardanelles strait (Turkey) joins Marmora Sea with Aegean Sea.
Malacca (Indonesia) strait separates Sumatra from Malay Peninsula. It is longest strait in the world.
Mozambique strait is the broadest strait in the world. It is b/w Mozambique and Madagascar.
Sunda strait separates Sumatra from Java Island.
40% of world oil passes through… Strait of Hormuz
The gateway to the Gulf of Iran is Strait of Hormuz

WORLD RIVERS

Third world comprises of 70% of world population.
Hamun Mashkel Lake (Baluchistan) is salt-water lake.
Most important crop of Nile delta is Cotton.
Pak: is 4th among world’s largest cotton producers.
A famous natural bridge is located in Virginia.
Eskimos live in North America.
Iberian Peninsula is a part of Europe.
The number of CARS is five.
Height of Islamabad is 2000 ft: above sea level.
The Devil Tower present in US is a volcano.
Hudson Bay is largest bay and is in Northern Canada.
Largest gulf is Gulf of Mexico.
Grand Canal is oldest man made canal for shipping purpose in China.
Shark bay is in Western Australia.
English Channel separates England from France.
Gulf of Sidra is in Libya.
Red river is in USA.
Gulf of lion is in France.
Churchill waterfall is in Canada.
Danube River is in Romania (Europe). It pours into Black sea.
The Volga is Europe longest river what is the second longest Danube
Volga River is in Russia.
What is the only river that flows both north and south of equator- The Congo
New Zealand is situated in the region of Oceania.
Oxus River (also called Amu Darya) is flowing between Afghanistan and Tajikistan. It is the largest river of central Asia.
Bari Doab is the area lying between River Ravi and River Beas.
SURMA is the name of a river.
Windermere Lake is the largest lake of UK.
What is France’s longest river: Loire
Hundroo (Hundrubagh) Water Falls are in India.
An iceberg floating in sea will have one-tenth of its mass above the surface of water.
Jog Falls are the highest waterfalls in India.
Which river is in Lebanon? River Latani
Highest salinity is found in the Great Salt Lake in USA.
Niagara Falls was discovered by Louis Hennepin
Madagascar is popularly known as the Island of Cloves
Niagara Falls was discovered by Louis Hennepin
River Darling is in Australia.
Gateway of Pacific is Panama Canal.
Panama Canal links Pacific Ocean with Atlantic Ocean.
Panama Canal was opened in 1914.
Panama Canal links North America with South America.
Amazon River crosses Equator twice.
The Amazon river rises in which country-Peru
Amazon River is largest river in terms of volume. It is in Brazil. It pours into Atlantic Ocean.
The longest and largest river in Asia is Yangtze.
The largest river in China is The Yangtze River.
The Soan and the Haro are the two rivers of Potohar Plateau.
Aswan dam is constructed on river Nile.
World’s largest earth filled dam is Tarbela.
Voctoria falls are on the border b/w Zimbabwe & South Africa.
Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in world extending from Peru to Bolivia.
Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world. It is located in Siberia.
Indus River pours into Arabian Sea.
After Indus, the longest river is Sutlaj in Pakistan.
The longest river in South Asia is the Brahmputra.
Nile River pours its water into Mediterranean Sea.
Don River pours its water into Sea of Azov.
Tigris River pours its water into Caspian Sea.
Lake Mead is a man-made largest lake in the world.
The largest river in France is Lore
Most populated lake is Lake Eire.
Suez Canal is 170 Km long constructed in 1869.
The Suez Canal was constructed in 1869.
The Suez Canal links the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea. A French Engineer, Ferdinand De Lesseps, constructed the Canal.
Col. Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal on 26th July 1956.
Mariana trench is the deepest part in the ocean and it lies in Pacific Ocean. It is also called the deepest seafloor depression in the world.
River Zambezi flows in Southeast Africa.
Euphrates flows in Syria and Iraq.
Mesopotamia is the region b/w Tigris & Euphrates.
Mississippi river flows in USA. Mississippi is longest river of America.
Missouri river flows in USA
Hudson River flows in USA.
Lake Michigan flows in USA.
Golden River flows in Alaska, Canada.
In what country are the Painted Lakes-Indonesia
Name the river that flows through Baghdad- Tigris
What city has the most canals- Birmingham
Suez Canal was acquired by Britain in 1875 and nationalized by Egypt in 1956. It remains closed 1967-75 after Arab Israel War.
Thames River is in England.
Seine River is in France.
Hang He river is in China.
Victoria Lake forms boundary line b/w Tanzania and Uganda.
Victoria Lake is in Africa.
Source River Jehlum is Verinag.
Lake Superior is the largest fresh water lake in the world. It is located in North America (USA-Canada).
Lake Victoria is located in Kenya-Tanzania and Uganda.
Great Bear Lake is located in Canada.
Huron Lake is in USA-Canada.
In which country would you find Lake Disappointment Australia
The Amazon river dolphins are what colour- Pink
Which of the following rivers rises in lake Lan-Ka Tso in Tibet? Sutlej
Volga River pours its water into Caspian Sea it is longest river of Europe.
Don is a river of Russia.
Lake Erie (N.America) is most polluted lake in the world.
Lake Mead on the Arizona-Nevada is largest man-made lake in USA.
Baikal Lake is in Siberian desert.
Palk Bay lies b/w Gulf of Mannar and Bay of Bengal.
Panama Canal connects Atlantic Ocean with Pacific Ocean.
3- Gorges Dam is in China
Indus originates from Tibet near Mansorowar Lake.
The Victoria Falls in Africa is located on river Zambezi. It is the highest fall of Africa.
Mt Merapi is located on Java.
Which is the longest river in Australia? Murray-Darling
Gulf Stream is an ocean current named after the Gulf of Mexico.
The panch Pokhri Lake situated in the Himalaya Mountains is the highest lake in the world.
Aswan dam is in Egypt.
Word Tsunami is of Japanese language.
Largest coral reef is in Australia.
Colorado River forms Grand Canyon.
River Rhine is in Western Europe.
The Victoria Falls is located in Zimbabwe.
Highest fall of world Angel Falls is on river Carrao Venezuela.
Niagara fall is in North America b/w America & Canada.
Ribbon fall is in North America.
Silver Strand fall is in North America.
Grand Canal is located in People’s Republic of china.
After Australia, Europe is the smallest continent.
‘Victoria falls’ is located in Rhodesia.
Deccan Plateau is in Asia.
Asia is the largest continent and covers about 1/3 of the world’s total land area.
Both the highest and lowest points on the earth are found in Asia.
The lowest point of Asia is Dead Sea, which is about 397 meter below sea level.
Dead sea lying b/w Israel and Jordan.
Asia Minor is a geographical expression, a part to Turkey.
The world’s longest river, the Nile is located in Africa.
Africa is also known as Dark Continent.
Highest point of South America is Mount Aconcagua (Argentina) and lowest point is Valdes Peninsula (Argentina).
Highest Point of North America is Mount Mckinley and the lowest point is Death Valley (California, USA).
Highest point of Africa is Kibo, a peak of Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) and lowest point is Lake Assal (Djibouti).
Highest point of Europe is Mount El’brus and the lowest point is Caspian Sea.
Highest point in Antarctica is Vinson Massif.
Highest point in Australia is Mount Kosciusko (New South Wales) and the lowest point is Lake Eyre (South Australia).
The lowest point of the North America is the Death Valley located in California.
Danube River flows in Austria.
Victoria River is the chief source of River Nile.
Dardanelles connects black Sea and Mediterranean.
Black sea is so called because a dense fog prevails there in winter.
The river Jordan flows out into the Dead sea
River Mekong flows in Vietnam.
River Thames flows in Southern England.
River boat Gondola is used in Italy’s city Venice.
Hydespes River is now called the Jhelum River.
The length of Panama Canal is 50072 miles.
At the equator, the equation of the day is 12 hours.
Meridan means mid-day.
Shale is not a metamorphic rock.

FAMOUS ISLANDS

St. Helena is in Atlantic Ocean.
Largest island in Indian Ocean is Madagascar.
Sumatra is an island in Indonesia.
The largest island in the world Greenland is located in North America.
Greenland is geographically in America but politically in Europe.
Kalaalit Nunaat (Greenland) Island (Denmark), the largest island is in North Atlantic
New Guinea is world’s second largest island.
Virgin Island is a group of 100 Island in W.Indies.
Canary Island is in Spain.
The largest Island in the Mediterranean Sea is Sicily.
Malaqasv (Madagascar) is in Indian Ocean.
Baffin is in North Atlantic Ocean (Canadian).
Sumatra is in Northest Indian Ocean (Indonesia).
Neaw Zealand is in South Pacific Ocean.
Borneo Island is in Pacific Ocean.
Honshu Island is in North West Pacific.
Great Britain Island is in North Atlantic.
Victoria Island is in Arctic Ocean.
Baffin Island is in Atlantic Ocean.
Ellesmere Island is in Arctic Ocean.
Galapagos Islands are in Pacific Ocean.
Indonesia consists of 1300 islands.
World’s largest Delta is Sunderlands (India).
Paracel Islands are of…. china vs Vietnam
Which country owns the Hen and Chicken islands: North island New Zealand
Indian city Mumbai consists of seven islands.
The famous Island located at the mouth of the Hudson river is Manhattan
Sugar Island is the located at the confluence of Ganga and the Bay of Bengal.
Cathy Pacific is an island.