GENERAL SCIENCE III

GENE AND CELL

The genetic material of chromatin is DNA
Hereditary material is DNA
Gender of a person is determined by 23rd chromosome
Autosome are sex chromosome = 23
Nucleus of human body cell contains about 20,000 genes, half of which being contributed by each parent
Term gene was coined by Johannsen in 1909
DNA = Deoxy ribose nucleic acid
RNA = Ribose nucleic acid
Histones are on chromosomes
Chromosomes word was coined by Waldeyer in 1888
Number of chromosomes in human being is 46
Chromosomes in spermatozoa are 23
Smallest part of a gene is Mutton
Mitochondria are power house of cells
Golgi bodies are involved in cell secretions
Ribosome are rich in DNA and prepare protein
Plastids are found in Plant cells only and contain chlorophyll
Centrosomes help in cell division
Proteins are synthesized by Golgi bodies.
Cellulose respiration is done by Mitochondrion
Light energy is stored in the form of chemical energy due to the
activity of Chloroplast.
Protoplasm is a colloidal solution.
Most cells are microscopic but the egg cell of an ostrich is 15-20 cm long and some giraffe nerve cells reach more then 4 m long
Mitochondria do work of cell respiration.
The nucleus, mitocondria and chloroplast have double membranes
Bacteria have no nucleus and no mitochondria they have just a single loop of DNA cell nucleoid as well as food granules and ribosome which produce proteins
Each cell has the same set of about 30,000 genes.
Genes are arranged along a long and thin thread-like structure called chromosomes.
Snakes have 36 chromosomes, horse has 63 while some ferns have 500 or more
Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes- 23 pairs in every cell. The only exception is sperm and egg cells, which have 23 unpaired chromosomes.
Genes are made of a chemical called deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA
DNA tells a cell how to make the proteins
Every cell in a body contains at least 10,000 different kinds of proteins.
The machinery for making these proteins is on structures called ribosome, which are outside the nucleus.
RNA carries the instructions for making a particular protein to the ribosome.
A permanent change to a piece of DNA is called a mutation.
Nearly a third of a human being’s genes are the same as the genes of a lettuce.
DNA is shaped like a twisted ladder called double helix. The rungs of the ladder are made up of four chemical building blocks Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine.
Amoeba is a unicellular organism
A structure present in all cells is called cell membrane
The normal temperature of human body on the Kelvin scale is 310.
ELISA is Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay- for HIV/AIDS.
Rh- blood is very rare compared to Rh+.
The pancreatic duct releases its contents into duodenum.
Right hepatic artery supplies nutrient rich blood from stomach and small intestine to the liver.
Human cranium contains 6 bones.
In the human body, spleen stores extra blood for release when shortage occurs.
Mitochondria contain enzymes for cellular respirations.
In the human body, rotator cuff muscle is to be found in the shoulder.
Reproductive cells in normal human beings are produced in greater numbers for a longer period of time in the male
Which vessels bring blood back to heart? Inferior venacava and Superior venacava bring blood back to heart from lower parts and upper parts of body respectively.
Where in your body is your patella: Knee ( it’s the kneecap
80% of household dust is actually what material-Dead skin
Babies are born without what-Knee Caps – form at 2-6 years
In Nuclear DNA is concentrated in chromatin.
Proteins are synthesized by golgi bodies.
Cellulose respiration is done by Mitochondrion.
Protoplasm is a colloidal solution.
Man is Homoeothermic.
Hydrosis is the medical term for what -Sweating
An IVP is used to detect what medical condition- Kidney Stones- Intravenuspylorigram
What part of the body ages the fastest-The Hands
In medicine what is nicknamed a blue pipe-A Vein
What is the name of the cranial bone just above your ear Temporal
What is the name of the scale measuring depth of coma (GCS)-Glasgow Coma Scale